Therapeutics
Delivery of 100%, 40%, and blow-by humidity did not differ for change in croup scores in children with moderate croup
Scolnik D, Coates AL, Stephens D, et al. Controlled delivery of high vs low humidity vs mist therapy for croup in emergency departments: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2006;295:1274–80.
Q In children presenting to the emergency department (ED) with moderate croup, what is the relative effectiveness of 100% humidity with optimally sized water particles, 40% humidity, and humidity delivered by the blow-by technique?
Respirology Emergency medicine
Key Words: croup • emergency service (hospital) • humidity • nebulisers and vaporisers
| The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below. |
Design:
randomised controlled trial.
Allocation:
{concealed}*.
Blinding:
blinded (healthcare providers, data collectors, and {data analysts}*).
Follow up period:
30 and 60 minutes.
Setting:
ED at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Patients:
140 children 3 months to 10 years of age (mean age 25 mo, 69% boys) who presented with croup lasting 
1 week and had Westley croup scores 
2 out of 17 after a 30 minute rest period. Exclusion criteria were need for immediate nebulised epinephrine or intubation, potential alternative cause of stridor, history of intubation, chronic systemic or pulmonary disease other than asthma, use of glucocorticoids in the previous 48 hours or epinephrine in the previous 4 hours, or non-English speaking caregivers.
Intervention:
children were allocated to 100% humidity using a special apparatus to control droplet size (n = 46), 40% relative humidity (n = 46), or blow-by humidity (placebo) (n = 48). The
Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons,
New York, New York, USA
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