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Low level prenatal alcohol exposure was associated with adverse behavioural outcomes in children at 6 to 7 years of age

Design
Cohort study with follow up of 6 to 7 years.

Setting
An urban, university based, maternity clinic in Detroit, Michigan, USA.

Participants
501 African-American parent–child (52% boys) pairs. All women who reported alcohol consumption at conception of 0.5 ounces of absolute alcohol per day and a 5% sample of lower level drinkers and abstainers were invited to participate (> 2400 women were screened). Exclusion criteria were women positive for HIV and without prenatal care, and children who missed multiple test appointments, had major congenital malformation other than the fetal alcohol syndrome, had an intelligence quotient > 2 standard deviations from the sample mean, or had incomplete data.

Assessment of risk factors
Mothers were screened at their first prenatal visit for alcohol and drug use. Maternal alcohol, cigarette, and illicit drug use were prospectively assessed during pregnancy and after giving birth. Prenatal alcohol exposure was computed as the mean absolute alcohol intake (oz) per day throughout pregnancy . . . [Full text of this article]

Pamela J Frid, MD

University of Western Ontario London, Ontario, Canada