HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS REGISTER		Author Keyword(s) Vol Page [Advanced]

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Submit a response Alert me when this article is cited Alert me when eLetters are posted Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Add article to my folders Download to citation manager Request Permissions Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Evans, A. T Articles by Kazlauskaite, R. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Evans, A. T Articles by Kazlauskaite, R.

Training in flexible intensive insulin management improved glycaemic control and quality of life in type 1 diabetes

Key Words: diabetes mellitus (insulin-dependent) • insulin • diet • patient education

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.

Design
Randomised (allocation concealed^*), unblinded,^* wait list controlled trial with follow up at 6 months (Dose Adjustment for Normal Eating [DAFNE]).

Setting
3 hospital diabetes clinics in Sheffield, Northumbria, and London, UK.

Patients
169 patients >18 years of age with clinical features of type 1 diabetes, moderate or poor glycaemic control (glycated haemoglobin [HbA_1c] 7.5–12%), and duration of diabetes >2 years without advanced complications. Exclusion criteria were inability to understand English, severe psychiatric illness, pregnancy, and unawareness of hypoglycaemia. 136 patients (80%) completed baseline and 6 month assessments (mean age 40 y, 56% women).

Intervention
84 patients were allocated to the intervention, which comprised a 5 day skills course delivered by 2–3 educators (diabetes specialist nurses or dieticians) to groups of 6–8 participants in each centre. Patients were taught the skills to adjust their insulin by matching it to the desired carbohydrate intake at each meal (rather than adjusting the timing and . . . [Full text of this article]

Arthur T Evans, MD, MPH, Rasa Kazlauskaite, MD

Cook County Hospital and Rush Medical College
Chicago, Illinois, USA