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doi:10.1136/ebm.12.1.31

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The purpose and procedure section in each issue of Evidence-BasedMedicine describes the criteria for selecting articles for inclusion.The journals read are also listed in each issue. All articlesthat meet our criteria in the reviewed journals are cited inEvidence-Based Medicine, but there is not enough space to abstractthem all. The following articles passed all criteria but werenot abstracted. Practising clinicians rated them for clinicalrelevance and newsworthiness, and the mean scores are displayed.A fuller list of articles and a sample of the rating form areavailable on the Evidence-Based Medicine web site (www.evidence-basedmedicine/cgi/content/full/11/6/1).

THERAPEUTICS
Pimentel M, Park S, Mirocha J, et al. The effect of a nonabsorbedoral antibiotic (rifaximin) on the symptoms of the irritablebowel syndrome: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2006;145:557–63.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Gastroenterology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$

Raymond EG, Stewart F, Weaver M, et al. Impact of increasedaccess to emergency contraceptive pills: a randomized controlledtrial. Obstet Gynecol 2006;108:1098–106.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Gynaecology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Richter B, Bandeira-Echtler E, Bergerhoff K, et al. Pioglitazonefor type 2 diabetes mellitus.Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;(4):CD006060.

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ IM/Ambulatory care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Cardiology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Endocrine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Gardner F, Burton J, Klimes I, et al. Randomised controlledtrial of a parenting intervention in the voluntary sector forreducing child conduct problems: outcomes and mechanisms ofchange. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2006;47:1123–32.[CrossRef][Medline]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Paediatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Psychiatry $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ GP/FP/Mental health $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Etter JF. Cytisine for smoking cessation: a literature reviewand a meta-analysis.Arch Intern Med 2006;166:1553–9.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

GP/FP Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Respirology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Public health $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Bellieni CV, Cordelli DM, Raffaelli M, et al. Analgesic effectof watching TV during venipuncture. Arch Dis Child 2006;91:1015–7.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Paediatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Fossey J, Ballard C, Juszczak E, et al. Effect of enhanced psychosocialcare on antipsychotic use in nursing home residents with severedementia: cluster randomised trial. BMJ 2006;332:756–61.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Psychiatry $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Geriatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Neurology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Rosenfeld PJ, Brown DM, Heier JS, et al. Ranibizumab for neovascularage-related macular degeneration. N Engl J Med 2006;355:1419–31.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

IM/Ambulatory care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Surgery—ophthalmology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ Geriatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

SPACE Collabroative Group; Ringleb PA, Allenberg J, BruckmannH, et al. 30 day results from the SPACE trial of stent-protectedangioplasty versus carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients:a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet 2006;368:1239–47.[CrossRef][Medline]

IM/Ambulatory care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Neurology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ Surgery—neurosurgery $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Surgery—vascular $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Ziegler D, Ometov A, Dyck, PJ, et al. Oral treatment with ${alpha}$ -lipoicacid improves symptomatic diabetic polyneuropathy Diabetes Care2006;28:2365.

IM/Ambulatory care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Endocrine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Neurology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Chou R, Fu R, Huffman LH, et al. Initial highly-active antiretroviraltherapy with a protease inhibitor versus a non-nucleoside reversetranscriptase inhibitor: discrepancies between direct and indirectmeta-analyses. Lancet 2006;368:1503–15.[CrossRef][Medline]

IM/Ambulatory care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Infectious disease $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Hulten E, Jackson JL, Douglas K, et al. The effect of early,intensive statin therapy on acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysisof randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:1814–21.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Internal Medicine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Cardiology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Ebbens FA, Scadding GK, Badia L, et al. Amphotericin B nasallavages: not a solution for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006;118:1149–56.[CrossRef][Medline]

Allergy/Immunology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Infectious disease $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Kacmarek RM, Wiedemann HP, Lavin PT, et al. Partial liquid ventilationin adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006;173:882–9.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Respirology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Intensivist $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Dechelotte P, Hasselmann M, Cynober L, et al. L-alanyl-L-glutaminedipeptide-supplemented total parenteral nutrition reduces infectiouscomplications and glucose intolerance in critically ill patients:the French controlled, randomized, double-blind, multicenterstudy. Crit Care Med 2006;34:598–604.[CrossRef][Medline]

Endocrine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Infectious disease $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Gastroenterology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Intensivist $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Grosse SD, Rosenfeld M, Devine OJ, et al. Potential impact ofnewborn screening for cystic fibrosis on child survival: a systematicreview and analysis. J Pediatr 2006;149:362–6.[CrossRef][Medline]

Paediatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Djokomuljanto S, Quah BS, Surini Y, et al. Efficacy of phototherapyfor neonatal jaundice is increased by the use of low-cost whitereflecting curtains. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2006;91:F439–42.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Paediatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Egol KA, Paksima N,Puopolo S, et al. Treatment of external fixationpins about the wrist: a prospective, randomized trial. J BoneJoint Surg Am 2006;88:9–54.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Surgery—orthopaedics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Osman I, MacKenzie F, Norrie J, et al. The "PRIM" study: a randomizedcomparison of prostaglandin E2 gel with the nitric oxide donorisosorbide mononitrate for cervical ripening before the inductionof labor at term. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006;194:1012–21.[CrossRef][Medline]

Obstetrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Nunes FP, Campos AP, Pedroso SR, et al. Intravaginal glyceryltrinitrate and dinoprostone for cervical ripening and inductionof labor. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2006;194:1022–6.[CrossRef][Medline]

Obstetrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Moreland EC, Volkening LK, Lawlor MT, et al. Use of a bloodglucose monitoring manual to enhance monitoring adherence inadults with diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Arch InternMed 2006;166:689–95.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Endocrine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Szajewska H, Ruszczynski M, Radzikowski A. Probiotics in theprevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children: ameta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Ped 2006;149:367–372.[CrossRef][Medline]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Paediatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Infectious disease $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Soria R, Legido A, Escolano C, et al. A randomised controlledtrial of motivational interviewing for smoking cessation. BrJ Gen Pract 2006;56:768–74.[Medline]

GP/FP Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Reilly JJ, Kelly L, Montgomery C, et al. Physical activity toprevent obesity in young children: cluster randomised controlledtrial. BMJ 2006;333:1041.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Public health $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Paediatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Obesity—physician $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Damen L, Bruin J, Koes BW, et al. Prophylactic treatment ofmigraine in children. Part 1. A systematic review of non-pharmacologicaltrials. Cephalagia 2006;26:373–83.[CrossRef][Medline]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Neurology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Paediatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Connock M, Frew E, Evans BW, et al. The clinical effectivenessand cost-effectiveness of newer drugs for children with epilepsy.A systematic review. Health Technol Assess 2006;10:iii–iv,ix–118.[Medline]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Paediatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Neurology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Curioni C, Andre C. Rimonabant for overweight or obesity. CochraneDatabase Syst Rev 2006;(4):CD006162.

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Endocrine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Obesity—physician $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Nair KS, Rizza RA, O’Brien P, et al. DHEA in elderly womenand DHEA or testosterone in elderly men. N Engl J Med 2006;355:1647–59.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

IM/Ambulatory care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Endocrine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ Geriatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

Lavi R, Yernitzky D, Rowe JM, et al. Standard vs atraumaticWhitacre needle for diagnostic lumbar puncture: a randomizedtrial. Neurology 2006;67:1492–4.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Emergency medicine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Internal medicine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Safdar B, Degutis LC, Landry K, et al. Intravenous morphineplus ketorolac is superior to either drug alone for treatmentof acute renal colic. Ann Emerg Med 2006;48:173–81[CrossRef][Medline]

Emergency medicine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Nephrology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Hutton EF, Hofmeyr GJ. External cephalic version for breechpresentation before term. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006;(1):CD000084.

Obstetrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

DIAGNOSIS
Geva A, Bornstein J, Dan M, et al. The VI-SENSE-vaginal dischargeself-test to facilitate management of vaginal symptoms. Am JObstet Gynecol 2006;195:1351–6.[Medline]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Infectious disease $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Gynaecology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

PROGNOSIS
Newton JD, Squire IB. Glucose and haemoglobin in the assessmentof prognosis after first hospitalisation for heart failure.Heart 2006;92:1441–6.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Internal medicine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Cardiology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Endocrine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

AETIOLOGY
Zhu JL, Basso O, Obel C, et al. Infertility, infertility treatment,and congenital malformations: Danish national birth cohort.BMJ 2006;333:679.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Gynaecology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ GP/FP/Obstetrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Obstetrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Willum-Hansen T, Staessen JA, Torp-Pedersen C, et al. Prognosticvalue of aortic pulse wave velocity as index of arterial stiffnessin the general population. Circulation 2006;113:664–70.

GP/FP Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ IM/Ambulatory care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Cardiology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Latthe P, Mignini L, Gray R, et al. Factors predisposing womento chronic pelvic pain: systematic review. BMJ 2006;332:749–55.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

GP/FP Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Gynaecology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

Osler M, Nordentoft M, Andersen AM. Childhood social environmentand risk of drug and alcohol abuse in a cohort of Danish menborn in 1953. Am J Epidemol 2006;163:654–61.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

GP/FP/Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Public health $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Psychiatry $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
Coleman EA, Parry C, Chalmers S, et al. The care transitionsintervention: results of a randomized controlled trial. ArchIntern Med 2006;166:1822–8.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

Internal medicine $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$

CLINICAL PREDICTION GUIDE
Henry MJ, Pasco JA, Sanders KM, et al. Fracture Risk (FRISK)Score: Geelong Osteoporosis Study. Radiology 2006;241:190–6.[Abstract/Free Full Text]

GP/FP Primary care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ IM/Ambulatory Care $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Geriatrics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ Rheumatology $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$ Surgery—orthopaedics $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ $*$ ${star}$ ${star}$

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