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Q Is oral or transdermal clonidine more effective than placebo for achieving long term smoking cessation?
Clinical impact ratings GP/FP/Primary care ★★★★★☆☆ IM/Ambulatory care ★★★★★★☆
METHODS
Data sources:
Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register, Medline, and PsycLIT (up to May 2004); and the email newsgroup of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco for unpublished studies.
Study selection and assessment:
randomised, placebo controlled trials that compared oral or transdermal clonidine (maximum daily dosage ⩾0.2 mg) with placebo. Methodological quality of individual studies was assessed for randomisation procedure and blinding.
Outcomes:
smoking cessation at ⩾12 weeks (biochemical verification of sustained abstinence assessed ⩾12 wk after the end of treatment).
MAIN RESULTS
6 trials (n = 776) met the inclusion criteria. Assessment of blinding and details of the randomisation procedure were not reported in any of the studies. 4 of the 6 trials used biochemical verification of smoking abstinence …
Footnotes
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For correspondence: Dr S Gourlay, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, CA, USA. goo{at}gene.com
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Sources of funding: National Heart Foundation Australia; US Public Health Service; NHS Research and Development National Cancer Programme.