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Online First


Online First articles have been peer reviewed, accepted for publication, published online and indexed by PubMed; they have not yet been assigned to a journal issue. When an article is published in an issue it will be removed from this page.

Online First articles are copy-edited, typeset and approved by the author before publication and we aim to post each article within 3 weeks of acceptance.

Articles appear on this page in reverse chronological order; you may also view by section by clicking on the link at the top of the column to the right.

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Aetiology

    Aetiology: Cohort study: In China, hospital births are associated with a 62% decreased risk of neonatal mortality
    • Joseph R Wax
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 2 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100571
    Aetiology: Cohort study: Higher breastfeeding intensity associated with improved postpartum glucose metabolism in women with recent gestational diabetes
    • Carla A Borgoño,
    • Ravi Retnakaran
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 29 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100632
    Aetiology: Cohort study: Gender-based violence, perinatal mental health in women and child development
    • Jane Fisher
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100412
    Aetiology: Systematic review and meta-analysis: Asthma is associated with various perinatal risks, but not with preterm birth when it is actively managed during pregnancy
    • Kitaw Demissie
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100522
    Aetiology: Systematic review and meta-analysis: Breast feeding is associated with decreased risk of sudden infant death syndrome
    • Heinz Zotter,
    • Gerhard Pichler
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100337
    Aetiology: Cohort study: Failure to detect a link between mobile phone use and brain tumours in a large Danish cohort study: but findings may be due to bias
    • Michael Kundi
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100479
    Aetiology: Case control: Exposure to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole is associated with hospitalisation for hyperkalaemia in older people treated with spironolactone
    • Rebecca L Dunn
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100358
    Aetiology: Cohort study: Early introduction of allergenic food is not associated with increased report of wheeze or eczema
    • Arne Høst
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 31 January 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100477
    Aetiology: Cohort study: Positive parenting in adolescence is associated with well-(adaptive-) functioning adult offspring
    • Luna C Muñoz
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 December 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed.2011.100353
    Aetiology: Systematic review and meta-analysis: Breastfeeding by mothers infected with hepatitis B carries no increased risk of transmission to infants who receive proper immunoprophylaxis: a meta-analysis
    • Tram T Tran
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 20 December 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed.2011.100378
    Aetiology: Systematic review and meta-analysis: Observational studies find association between chocolate consumption and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes
    • Luc Djousse
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 15 November 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed.2011.100310

Aetiology/Harm

    Aetiology/Harm: Cohort study: For women with term low-risk pregnancies, risk of perinatal mortality and intrapartum morbidity similar across planned places of birth
    • Patricia A Janssen
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 2 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100549

Diagnosis

    Diagnosis: Cohort study: Serial changes in highly sensitive cardiac troponin improve the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction
    • Tobias Reichlin,
    • Christian Mueller
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 2 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100672
    Diagnosis: Cross-sectional study: Number needed to screen to detect adenomas, advanced adenomas and colorectal cancer is higher in women than in similarly aged men
    • Carol A Burke
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100440
    Diagnosis: Cross-sectional study: Non-fasting blood testing for lipid screening in children result in statistically significant, but not clinically significant, changes in lipid levels
    • Samia Mora
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 31 January 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100471

Letter

    Letter: Response to Drs Hoberman and Paradise
    • Andrea Marmor,
    • Thomas Newman
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100584
    Letter: Is recent advice on exclusive breastfeeding consistent with the data presented?
    • Brian Symon,
    • Michael Bammann
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 14 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100450
    Letter: In reference to: amoxicillin-clavulanate improves symptoms, reduces treatment failure in select children with acute otitis media and increases risk of diarrhoea
    • Alejandro Hoberman,
    • Jack L Paradise
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 14 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100452
    Letter: Comment on ‘A qualitative approach to Bayes’ theorem' by Medow and Lucey
    • Aquiles Rodrigo Henríquez,
    • Juan Moreira,
    • Jef Van den Ende
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 14 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100493

Methods

    Methods: Systematic reviews to evaluate causation: an overview of methods and application
    • Khalid S Khan,
    • Elizabeth Ball,
    • Caroline E Fox,
    • Catherine Meads
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 5 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100287

Original EBM research

    Original EBM research: How much doctoral research on clinical topics is published?
    • Woody Caan,
    • Michael Cole
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100227

Perspective

    Perspective: Payer decision-making with limited comparative and cost effectiveness data: the case of new pharmacological treatments for gout
    • Michele Meltzer,
    • Laura T Pizzi,
    • Eric Jutkowitz
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100065

Prevention

    Prevention: Decision analysis: Population benefits of HPV vaccination for boys: a complex equation
    • David Gabriel Regan
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100433

Prognosis

    Prognosis: Cohort study: Of 3700 children thought to have non-cardiac chest pain at initial paediatric cardiology clinic evaluation, none suffered cardiac death over a median of 4 years follow-up
    • Jennifer Thull-Freedman
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 17 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100538
    Prognosis: Cohort study: Children with minor blunt head trauma, a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 14 or 15 and a normal CT scan are at very low risk of traumatic findings on subsequent neuroimaging or of requiring neurosurgical intervention
    • Heidi K Blume
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 17 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100574
    Prognosis: Cohort study: Greater diabetes-care contact frequency is associated with more rapid achievement of care goals but interpretation of finding requires consideration of patient adherence and motivation
    • Patrick J O'Connor
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 14 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100415
    Prognosis: Cohort study: Of people admitted within 2 h of mild/improving stroke, 31% do not receive rtPA, although many of these people have poor outcomes
    • Joshua Z Willey
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100454
    Prognosis: Cohort study: Patients on three times-weekly haemodialysis have increased mortality during the long, 2-day interdialytic interval
    • Rajiv Agarwal
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 31 January 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100422
    Prognosis: Cohort study: Cardiovascular risks of stopping antiplatelet therapy before non-cardiac surgery for patients with coronary stents
    • Thomas M Maddox
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 31 January 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed.2011.100381
    Prognosis: Cohort study: Preterm birth, a known risk factor for infant and childhood death, is an independent risk factor for mortality in early childhood and young adulthood
    • Geeta Krishna Swamy
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 December 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100361
    Prognosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis: Stopping smoking in the weeks prior to surgery has no effect on the risk of postoperative complications
    • Carole Clair,
    • Nancy A Rigotti
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 4 November 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100167

Systematic review

    Systematic review: Thiazolidinediones for plaque psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Anita Malhotra,
    • Nusrat Shafiq,
    • Sujit Rajagopalan,
    • Sunil Dogra,
    • Samir Malhotra
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 20 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100388

Systemic review

    Systemic review: Mechanisms of reducing postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting: a systematic review of current techniques
    • Alex Rawlinson,
    • Nina Kitchingham,
    • Colin Hart,
    • Gregory McMahon,
    • Seok Ling Ong,
    • Achal Khanna
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 14 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100265

Therapeutics

    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Topical dexamethasone for recurrent aphthous ulceration reduces pain and size and increases healing with no significant adverse events
    • Crispian Scully,
    • Rachel Cowie
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 14 May 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100709
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Early umbilical cord clamping increases the risk of neonatal anaemia and infant iron deficiency
    • Andrew Weeks
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 19 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100557
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Catheter-directed thrombolysis prevents post-thrombotic syndrome in patients with acute deep vein thrombosis in the upper half of the thigh
    • Anthony J Comerota
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 17 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100673
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Multicondition collaborative care intervention for people with coronary heart disease and/or diabetes, depression and poor control of hypertension, blood sugar or hypercholesterolemia improves disability and quality of life compared with usual care
    • Peter Coventry
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 17 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100570
    Therapeutics: Systematic review and meta analysis: Acute conjunctivitis in primary care: antibiotics and placebo associated with small increase in the proportion cured by 7 days compared with no treatment
    • Laura Steeples,
    • Karl Mercieca
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 17 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100562
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Low-molecular-weight heparin prophylaxis does not affect mortality in acutely ill medical patients at low risk for venous thromboembolism
    • Anders Själander
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 17 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100631
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: The legacy effect: 4.5 years of a chlorthalidone-based antihypertensive regimen reduces cardiovascular mortality and prolongs cardiovascular disease-free survival at 22 years for older patients with isolated systolic hypertension
    • Gerald William Smetana
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 17 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100677
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: In people with hand osteoarthritis, chondroitin sulphate therapy for 6 months improves pain and function compared with placebo
    • Jean-Yves Reginster
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 5 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100515
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: For people with persistent tension-type neck pain, a multicomponent pain and stress self-management intervention gives better improvement in ability to control pain and self-efficacy, but not disability, than physical therapy
    • Henry Pollard
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 2 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100564
    Therapeutics: Systematic review with meta-analysis: In irritable bowel syndrome, antispasmodics and antidepressants improve abdominal pain and global assessment and symptom scores, but there is no evidence for the effectiveness of bulking agents
    • Alexander C Ford
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100424
    Therapeutics: Systematic review: Thromboprophylaxis in medical inpatients reduces pulmonary embolism, increases the risk of major haemorrhage and does not reduce total mortality, producing questionable net clinical benefit
    • Mark Crowther,
    • David G Garcia
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 14 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100509
    Therapeutics: Systematic review with meta-analysis: Lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy for cardiovascular risk factors are associated with improvements in erectile dysfunction
    • Kew-Kim Chew
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 14 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100555
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: In TIA or stroke patients with intracranial arterial stenosis, aggressive medical therapy was superior to percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stenting for 30-day risk of further stroke or death
    • Tim Darsaut,
    • Jean Raymond,
    • Sylvain Lanthier
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 7 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100451
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Preterm infants receiving heel lance procedures have slightly lower pain scores and quicker time to return to baseline heart rate when held in kangaroo care by the mother than by the father
    • Vibhuti Shah,
    • Ann Jefferies
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 7 March 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100525
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Cryotherapy for plantar warts more costly but no more effective than salicylic acid self-treatment
    • Sjoerd C Bruggink,
    • Willem J J Assendelft
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 29 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100481
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Lung cancer screening with chest radiography has no effect on lung cancer incidence or mortality
    • Joshua J Fenton
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100489
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Robustness, risk and responsivity in early language acquisition: a randomised trial of a low-intensity language promotion programme for slow to talk toddlers finds no effects on language or behavioural development
    • Catherine L Taylor
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100383
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: For people with non-valvular atrial fibrillation rivaroxaban is non-inferior to warfarin for preventing stroke or embolism, with no difference in the risk of clinically relevant bleeding
    • Matthew Sherwood,
    • Jonathan P Piccini
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 18 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100343
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Vitamin E and selenium do not decrease prostate cancer incidence: vitamin E may actually increase it
    • Samay Jain,
    • Ravi Munver,
    • Ihor S Sawczuk
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 3 February 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100472
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Physical education combined with pedometer use is associated with better glucose tolerance among overweight/obese with impaired glucose tolerance; no benefit for education alone
    • Caroline R Richardson
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 31 January 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100473
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Telaprevir triple combination therapy, and dual peginterferon α-2a/ribavirin therapy for 24 weeks for those with rapid-early response is not inferior to 48 weeks of therapy for treatment-naïve patients with genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection
    • Mark Danta
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 31 January 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100469
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Overweight and obese individuals following either commercial or primary care-led weight loss programmes achieve significant weight loss at the end of the 12-week programme, but only the commercial programmes studied had sustained effect to 1 year
    • Peter S W Davies
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 31 January 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100478
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: The use of 50% nitrous oxide improves successful intravenous access in obese and growth-limited children in an outpatient setting
    • David Rosen
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 19 January 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100334
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Evening dosing of antihypertensive medications results in better blood pressure control and decreases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with Type 2 diabetes
    • Rajesh Mohandas,
    • A Ahsan Ejaz
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 December 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed.2011.100345
    Therapeutics: Systematic review and meta-analysis: Oral ondansetron decreases vomiting, as well as the need for intravenous fluids and hospital admission, in children with acute gastroenteritis
    • Deborah A Levine
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 December 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed.2011.100355
    Therapeutics: Systematic review and meta-analysis: Some oral antidiabetic medications may prevent type 2 diabetes in people at high risk for it, but the evidence is insufficient to determine whether the potential benefits outweigh the possible risks
    • Andrew J Krentz
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 December 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100332
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Caudal epidural steroid injections no better than saline epidurals or sham injections for the treatment of chronic lumbar radiculopathy
    • Bradley Kenneth Weiner,
    • Joseph Fernandez-Moure
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 20 December 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100318
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Varenicline for 4 weeks prior to target quit date reduces prequit date smoking and increases 12-week abstinence
    • Gina Daubney Garrison
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 7 December 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed.2011.100147
    Therapeutics: Systematic review and meta-analysis: Intensive glucose-lowering therapy in people with type 2 diabetes: what do we learn from a new meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials?
    • Fiona Turnbull,
    • Sophia Zoungas
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 28 November 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100230
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Antiretroviral combination therapy markedly reduces risk of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission
    • Mathias Lichterfeld,
    • Eric S Rosenberg
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 November 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed.2011.100278
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Tiotropium is superior to salmeterol in reducing frequency of exacerbations: but the effect of adding tiotropium to the combination of inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting β(2)-agonist remains unclear
    • Rick Hodder
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 22 November 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed.2011.100206
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Meta-analysis: vertebroplasty for vertebral compression fracture ineffective in improving pain and function
    • Bruce M Frankel,
    • Vibhor Krishna
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 1 November 2011 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2011-100215
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: In people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes an intensive dietary intervention, with or without an activity programme, improves glycaemic control over 12 months compared with usual care
    • Kirsten Coppell
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 28 October 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100193
    Therapeutics: Systematic review: Oxytocin for slow progress in the first stage of spontaneous labour is not associated with different rates of caesarean or assisted delivery compared with no treatment or delayed use in second stage
    • Michael Frölich
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 28 October 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100183
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Uterine artery embolisation associated with greater need for reintervention than surgical treatment for symptomatic uterine fibroids; quality of life similar though study underpowered
    • Martha Hickey,
    • Jennifer L Marino,
    • Fiona C Brownfoot
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 25 October 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100202
    Therapeutics: Systematic review and meta-analysis: Review: excisional, and perhaps ablative treatments for precancerous cervical changes increase the risk for preterm birth
    • Joan Crane
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 25 October 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100238
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Averaging clinic and home measures associated with reductions in within-patient variability and may give a better indication of blood pressure control
    • Kei Asayama,
    • Lutgarde Thijs,
    • Jan A Staessen
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 25 October 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100162
    Therapeutics: Systematic review and meta-analysis: High-quality evidence that spinal manipulative therapy for chronic low back pain has a small, short-term greater effect on pain and functional status compared with other interventions
    • Gert Bronfort
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 25 October 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100212
    Therapeutics: Systematic review and meta analysis: Inhaled corticosteroids for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are associated with an increased risk of fracture
    • Nirupama Putcha,
    • M Bradley Drummond
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 25 October 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100221
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Early supplemental parenteral nutrition in critically ill adults increased infections, ICU length of stay and cost
    • Daren K Heyland
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 25 October 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100252
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: In premenopausal women with recurrent UTI, antibiotics were more effective than capsules of cranberry extract for the prevention of UTI, but resistance was higher in the antibiotic group
    • Liza Genao
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 20 October 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100231
    Therapeutics: Randomised controlled trial: Metformin is not significantly different from insulin for preventing fetal macrosomia in women with gestational diabetes
    • Steve L Hyer
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 21 September 2011 doi:10.1136/ebm.2011.100121

Therapeutics/Prevention

    Therapeutics/Prevention: Systematic review with meta-analysis: Self-monitoring of oral anticoagulation reduces thromboembolic events and does not increase risk of bleeding in selected patients and settings
    • Hanna Bloomfield
    Evid Based Med Published Online First: 17 April 2012 doi:10.1136/ebmed-2012-100634

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