Applied pressure at the injection site v no applied pressure in adults receiving hepatitis A and B vaccinations‡

Outcome after injectionApplied pressure (mean, SE)No applied pressure (mean, SE)Mean pain reduction(95% CI)Mean relative pain reduction
‡Data provided by the author.
Pain perception (0 = no pain, 10 = crucifying pain)1.77 (0.17)2.87 (0.18)1.1(1.06 to 1.13)38%