Treatment effects for clonidine (CLON), methylphenidate (MPH), combined CLON and MPH, and placebo in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid tics at 16 weeks‡
| Outcomes | Comparisons | Treatment effects (95% CI) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| ‡Positive values show a beneficial effect of the medication. | |||
| §Not significant. | |||
| ADHD (Connors Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire for Teachers) | CLON v no CLON | 3.2 (1.2 to 5.2) | 0.002 |
| MPH v no MPH | 3.2 (1.1 to 5.2) | 0.003 | |
| CLON + MPH v placebo | 6.3 (2.8 to 9.8) | < 0.0001 | |
| Tic severity (Yale Global Tic Severity Scale) | CLON v no CLON | 6.2 (1.1 to 11.3) | 0.02 |
| MPH v no MPH | 4.8 (–0.4 to 9.9) | 0.07§ | |
| CLON + MPH v placebo | 11.0 (2.1 to 19.8) | 0.003 | |
| Global functioning (Children’s Global Assessment Scale) | CLON v no CLON | 6.9 (2.7 to 11.1) | 0.002 |
| MPH v no MPH | 7.7 (3.4 to 11.9) | 0.0005 | |
| CLON + MPH v placebo | 14.5 (7.2 to 21.9) | < 0.0001 | |