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Therapeutics
Hormone therapy increased incidence and severity of urinary incontinence in healthy postmenopausal women

https://doi.org/10.1136/ebm.10.4.121

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    Hendrix SL, Cochrane BB, Nygaard IE, et al. Effects of estrogen with and without progestin on urinary incontinence. JAMA 2005;293:935–48.
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 Q In healthy postmenopausal women, what is the effect of hormone therapy (HT) on urinary incontinence (UI)?

    Clinical impact ratings GP/FP/Primary care ★★★★★★★ Gynaecology ★★★★★★☆

    METHODS

    Embedded ImageDesign:

    randomised, placebo controlled trial (Women’s Health Initiative [WHI]).

    Embedded ImageAllocation:

    concealed.*

    Embedded ImageBlinding:

    blinded {clinicians, participants, data collectors, outcome assessors, and monitoring committee}†.*

    Embedded ImageFollow up period:

    1 year.

    Embedded ImageSetting:

    40 US clinical centres.

    Embedded ImageParticipants:

    women who were 50–79 years of age and postmenopausal. Exclusion criteria: breast cancer, other invasive cancer in past 10 years, venous thromboembolism, hypertriglyceridaemia, or condition with poor prognosis. 16 608 women {mean age 63.3 y}† were in the oestrogen plus progestin trial, and 10 739 women (mean age 64 …

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    Footnotes

    • ↵* See glossary.

    • ↵† †

      Writing Group for the Women’s Health Initiative Investigators. JAMA 2002;288:321–33.
      OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science

    • For correspondence: Dr S Hendrix, Wayne State University School of Medicine/Hutzel Women’s Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA. shendrixmed.wayne.edu

    • Source of funding: National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute.