METHODS

Design:

randomised controlled trial (Ramipril Efficacy In Nephropathy [REIN] 2 trial).

Allocation:

concealed.*

Blinding:

unblinded.*

Follow up period:

median 19 months (total follow up period 36 mo).

Setting:

29 centres in Bulgaria, Italy, Spain, and Switzerland.

Patients:

338 patients (age range 18–70 years) with non-diabetic nephropathy and persistent proteinuria (ie, a proteinuria of 1–3 g/d and creatinine clearance <45 ml/min per 1.73 m², or proteinuria ⩾3 g/d and creatinine clearance <70 ml/min per 1.73 m²) who had not received angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition treatment for ⩾6 weeks. Exclusion criteria …