METHODS

Design:

randomised controlled trial.

Allocation:

{concealed*}†.

Blinding:

blinded {data collectors and outcome assessors}†.*

Follow-up period:

3 and 15 months.

Setting:

community-based study in Würzburg, Germany.

Patients:

193 patients 40–65 years of age (mean age 56 y, 50% men) who had type 2 diabetes, no insulin treatment, stimulated C peptide >0.8 nmol/l, body mass index (BMI) >26.7 (mean 32) kg/m², and no acute psychiatric illness.

Intervention:

didactic oriented group intervention (4 sessions, 90 min each) focusing on acquisition of knowledge, skills, and information about treatment of diabetes (n = 64); self-management oriented group intervention (12 sessions, 90 min each) focusing on emotional, cognitive, and motivational …