The 5 steps of evidence-based practice (EBP) were described in 1992.1 The steps are:

1. Translation of uncertainty to an answerable question;

2. Systematic retrieval of best evidence available;

3. Critical appraisal of evidence for validity, clinical relevance, and applicability;

4. Application of results in practice; and

5. Evaluation of performance.

According to the Sicily Statement on Evidence-based Practice,2 the steps describe a codified set of behaviours that form the basis for evidence-based clinical practice. The steps have also been the primary focus of teaching efforts in EBP. As …