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  • Acute otitis media: antibiotics are moderately effective and mildly increase the risk of adverse effects; prevalence of different causative bacteria changed after introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

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Therapeutics
Systematic review
Acute otitis media: antibiotics are moderately effective and mildly increase the risk of adverse effects; prevalence of different causative bacteria changed after introduction of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
  1. Colin Sox
  1. Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  1. Correspondence to Colin Sox
    Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine & Boston Medical Center, Dowling 3 South room #3511, 771 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA; colin.sox{at}bmc.org

https://doi.org/10.1136/ebm1407

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    Commentary on: Coker TR, Chan LS, Newberry SJ, et al. Diagnosis, microbial epidemiology, and antibiotic treatment of acute otitis media in children: a systematic review. JAMA 2010;304:2161–9.OpenUrlCrossRefPubMedWeb of Science

    Context

    Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common infection of childhood often immediately treated with antibiotics in the USA,1 while delayed prescribing is common in the UK.2 It is unclear how recent conjugate vaccines have affected microbial epidemiology and whether antibiotic efficacy in AOM has changed over the past decade.

    Methods

    Coker and colleagues systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane and Web of Science databases for manuscripts published from 1999 through 2010 for studies of children with AOM (aged 4 months to 18 years) that reported diagnostic accuracy, treatment outcomes or the effect of heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) upon microbial epidemiology. This search supplemented to authors published systematic review of the literature from 1966 through 1999. …

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    Footnotes

    • Competing interests None.