Article Text
Prognosis
Cohort study
Opposite impacts of dietary versus supplemental calcium on cardiovascular health
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Context
Calcium supplementation is widely used to maintain bone health. Growing data suggests that calcium supplementation, but not dietary calcium intake, may harm cardiovascular (CV) health.1 ,2 There is no randomised controlled trial (RCT) that addressed CV events as primary endpoints and such an RCT is unlikely to be conducted considering ethical issues.3
Methods
The Heidelberg prospective cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study data was examined to evaluate the associations of calcium intake (total or separated dairy and non-dairy sources) and calcium supplementation with myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and overall …
Footnotes
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Competing interests None.