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Aetiology
Systematic review with meta-analysis
Proton pump inhibitor use may be associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection
  1. Vanessa Stevens1,
  2. Edwin van Wijngaarden2
  1. 1 Department of Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacotherapy Outcomes Research Center, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
  2. 2 Public Health Sciences, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, USA
  1. Correspondence to : Dr Vanessa Stevens
    Pharmacotherapy Outcomes Research Center, University of Utah College of Pharmacy, 421 Wakara Way, Suite 208, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA; vanessa.stevens{at}pharm.utah.edu

https://doi.org/10.1136/eb-2012-101057

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    Commentary on: Kwok CS, Arthur AK, Anibueze CI, et al. Risk of Clostridium difficile infection with acid suppressing drugs and antibiotics: meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol 2012;107:1011–19OpenUrlCrossRefPubMed.

    Context

    Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are a safe and effective treatment of acid-related disorders such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's oesophagus. However, they may be associated with an increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI).

    Methods

    Kwok and colleagues conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies evaluating the association between PPI and the risk of primary or recurrent CDI. Relevant articles were identified through a comprehensive literature search including MEDLINE, EMBASE (from database inception to December 2011) and reference lists of articles retrieved from these bibliographical databases. Studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis if they were either case–control or cohort design, and either reported OR, risk ratios (RR) or provided sufficient data to allow manual calculation of these …

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    Footnotes

    • Funding None.

    • Competing interests None.