Context

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is a commonly utilised but controversial intervention of uncertain clinical value. Major professional organisations have therefore recommended that patients be fully informed about the pros, cons, and uncertainties of PSA screening, and enabled to decide based on their own values—a process known as informed decision-making (IDM).1 The US Preventive Services Task Force and other influential groups have further highlighted the need for shared decision-making (SDM)—the collaborative engagement of clinicians in this process.2 Nevertheless, IDM and SDM have not been the norm in clinical practice.

Well-known barriers to IDM and SDM include limited clinical time and resources for these efforts. Patient decision …