Context

Adnexal masses are a common clinical problem, with ovarian cancer remaining as the most lethal gynaecological malignancy. Evidence shows that women with ovarian cancer should be primarily treated at specialised centres,1 while women with benign adnexal masses can be treated by general gynaecologists.2 Accurate diagnosis is essential for adequate triage. Currently, the best method for discriminating benign from malignant adnexal masses is ultrasound assessment by an expert examiner.3 The international ovarian tumour analysis (IOTA) group has proposed a simple risk estimation approach based on ultrasound features of the ovarian tumours (five benign and five malignant), …