Table of contents

Commentaries

Primary care

• Routine prophylaxis is not necessary to prevent renal scarring in children with urinary tract infection (22 October, 2017)

  Tej K Mattoo, Ron Thomas
• Supplementary antimicrobials for patients with HIV and <100 CD4 cells/µL are associated with improved survival (13 November, 2017)

  George W Rutherford, Elvin Geng

General medicine

• Unblinded ASCOT study results do not rule out that muscle symptoms are an adverse effect of statins (22 October, 2017)

  Bhavin B Adhyaru, Terry A Jacobson
• SOFA criteria predict infection-related in-hospital mortality in ICU patients better than SIRS criteria and the qSOFA score (10 November, 2017)

  Erik Solligård, Jan Kristian Damås
• Prescribing antibiotics to hospitalised patients increases the risk of Clostridium difficile infection for the next bed occupant

  (25 October, 2017)

  Nick Daneman
• Cephalexin plus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was not superior to cephalexin alone for the treatment of outpatient non-purulent cellulitis (10 November, 2017)

  Loren G Miller
• Adjunctive antibiotics for drained skin abscesses improve clinical cure rate (11 October, 2017)

  David A Talan
• In patients with localised prostate cancer, active surveillance is associated with better sexual function, urinary symptoms and bowel symptoms (10 November, 2017)

  Roderick C N van den Bergh, Marie-Anne van Stam
• Ocrelizumab appears to reduce relapse and disability in multiple sclerosis but quality of evidence is moderate (8 November, 2017)

  Graziella Filippini
• A meta-analysis of positive airway pressure treatment for cardiovascular prevention: why mix apples and pears? (18 November, 2017)

  Yüksel Peker, Patrick J Strollo
• Intensive glucose control in patients with diabetes prevents onset and progression of microalbuminuria, but effects on end-stage kidney disease are still uncertain (2 November, 2017)

  Clement Lo, Sophia Zoungas

Surgery

• Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today: Early cholecystectomy is cost-effective in symptomatic cholelithiasis requiring hospitalization (13 November, 2017)

  Charles de Mestral
• Minimal difference in survival between radical prostatectomy and observation in men with modest life expectancy (10 November, 2017)

  Vignesh T Packiam, Scott E Eggener

Emergency care

• Protocolised early goal-directed therapy in patients with sepsis/septic shock does not result in improved survival compared with usual care with less invasive resuscitation strategies (22 October, 2017)

  Joel Meyer, Manu Shankar-Hari
• Stent choice in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction likely does not affect mortality or reinfarction (4 November, 2017)

  Talla A Rousan, Udho Thadani
• Prophylactic platelet transfusion does not reduce risk of clinical bleeding in adults with dengue and thrombocytopaenia (2 November, 2017)

  Muhammad Zaman Khan Assir, Fraz Ahmad
• Acute myocardial infarction can be ruled out with a single high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T level (18 September, 2017)

  Martin J Holzmann
• Early invasive strategy should be performed within 72 hours in high-risk patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (23 November, 2017)

  Carlos Collet, Patrick W Serruys

Maternal and child health

• Long-acting reversible contraception acceptability and satisfaction is high among adolescents (18 September, 2017)

  David Hubacher
• Acupuncture is not as effective as infertility treatment in women with PCOS (22 October, 2017)

  Liangzhi Xu, Xiaoyong Qiao