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Jacobs IJ, Skates SJ, MacDonald N, et al. Screening for ovarian cancer: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 1999 Apr 10;353:1207-10.
Question
In postmenopausal women, what is the feasibility and effectiveness of ovarian cancer screening?
Design
Randomised (concealed), unblinded, controlled trial with 7-year follow-up.
Setting
United Kingdom.
Participants
Women who were 45 years of age and were postmenopausal. Exclusion criteria were history of bilateral oophorectomy or ovarian cancer. 22 000 women were invited to participate; 21 935 were randomised. All participants were traced through the National Health Service Central Register and the Family Health Services Authority.
Intervention
Women were allocated to annual screening for ovarian cancer for 3 years (n = 10 958) or to follow-up with no screening (n = 10 977). Initial screening involved measuring serum CA 125 antigen. Women with CA 125 of 30 U/mL were recalled for …