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Aetiology
Men and postmenopausal women with iron deficiency had increased risk of gastrointestinal malignancy

https://doi.org/10.1136/ebm.8.3.94

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    (2002) Am J Med 113, 276. Ioannou GN, Rockey DC, Bryson CL, Weiss NS.. Iron deficiency and gastrointestinal malignancy: a population-based cohort study.. ;. :. –80.
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 QUESTION: Does iron deficiency, with or without anaemia, increase the risk of gastrointestinal malignancy?

    Design

    Cohort study with 2 years of follow up.

    Setting

    USA.

    Participants

    9024 civilian, non-institutionalised persons 25–74 years of age (60% women, 83% white) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES I) and the NHANES I Epidemiologic Followup Study (NHEFS). Exclusion criteria were a history of cancer reported during NHANES I and missing iron saturation and haemoglobin measurements at baseline.

    Assessment of risk factors

    Baseline data were collected on iron deficiency (iron saturation <15%) and anaemia (haemoglobin concentration <5th percentile for each age and sex group). Separate analyses were done for premenopausal women, men and postmenopausal women, age ≥50 years, and age ≥65 years. Within each group, participants were grouped into 4 diagnostic categories based …

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    Footnotes

    • Source of funding: no external funding.

    • For correspondence: Dr G N Ioannou, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA.georgei{at}medicine.washington.edu

    • Abstract and commentary also appear in ACP Journal Club.