TY - JOUR T1 - Review: vitamin D plus calcium, but not vitamin D alone, prevents osteoporotic fractures in older people JF - Evidence Based Medicine JO - Evid Based Med SP - 13 LP - 13 DO - 10.1136/ebm.11.1.13 VL - 11 IS - 1 A2 - , Y1 - 2006/02/01 UR - http://ebm.bmj.com/content/11/1/13.abstract N2 - Avenell A, Gillespie WJ, Gillespie LD, et al. Vitamin D and vitamin D analogues for preventing fractures associated with involutional and post-menopausal osteoporosis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(3):CD000227. 
 
 Q In older people, does supplementation with vitamin D, with or without calcium, reduce fractures? Clinical impact ratings GP/FP/Primary care ★★★★★★☆ Geriatrics ★★★★★☆☆ Endocrine ★★★★★☆☆ Data sources 10 databases, lists of conference abstracts, bibliographies of relevant studies, and contact with researchers in the field. Study selection and assessment: randomised and quasirandomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared vitamin D or its analogue (with or without calcium) with placebo, no intervention, or calcium alone in postmenopausal women or men >65 years of age. Studies of patients on corticosteroid therapy were excluded. 2 reviewers assessed study quality. Outcomes: new vertebral, hip, and other non-vertebral fractures and adverse events. 38 RCTs met the selection criteria. The quality of study methods ranged from poor to satisfactory: 34% had concealment of allocation, and 54% were blinded. Vitamin D alone did not prevent hip, vertebral, or any … ER -