Table 2

Domains of patient involvement in the production of research evidence

Domain	Examples
Research question prioritisation and study design	Inform research question and appropriate study design Identify areas which are most important or challenging for them within their health condition or care
Identifying and selecting study outcomes	Provide feedback on study outcomes to ensure they are patient-oriented, patient informed and relevant Comment on feasibility of outcome measures (eg, likely response rates for questionnaires) Identify any additional outcomes important to them
Design of study materials	Assist in designing consent forms and study information sheets Ensure language is at appropriate health literacy level Ensure that all relevant information is included and clear
Recruitment methods and study participation guidance	Inform recruitment strategy Identify patient groups or organisations who can support with recruitment Advise on the acceptability of study participation requirements (eg, is the length of participation suitable for patient group?)
Knowledge translation and dissemination of research findings/use of evidence	Draft communication strategy Identify channels and assist in the disseminating research findings to patients Help to integrate research findings into shared decision-making tools Write lay summaries, blogs, tweets and so on, to share research findings