Abstract
Aluminium adjuvants potentiate the immune response, thereby ensuring the potency and efficacy of typically sparingly available antigen. Their concomitant critical importance in mass vaccination programmes may have prompted recent intense interest in understanding how they work and their safety. Progress in these areas is stymied, however, by a lack of accessible knowledge pertaining to the bioinorganic chemistry of aluminium adjuvants, and, consequently, the inappropriate application and interpretation of experimental models of their mode of action. The objective herein is, therefore, to identify the many ways that aluminium chemistry contributes to the wide and versatile armoury of its adjuvants, such that future research might be guided towards a fuller understanding of their role in human vaccinations.
Copyright 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Adaptive Immunity / drug effects
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Adaptive Immunity / immunology
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Adenosine Triphosphate / metabolism
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / adverse effects
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / pharmacology*
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Aluminum Compounds / adverse effects
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Aluminum Compounds / immunology*
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Aluminum Compounds / metabolism
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Aluminum Compounds / pharmacology
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Aluminum Hydroxide / adverse effects
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Aluminum Hydroxide / immunology
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Aluminum Hydroxide / metabolism
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Aluminum Hydroxide / pharmacology
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Animals
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Antigen-Presenting Cells / drug effects
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Antigen-Presenting Cells / immunology
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Antigen-Presenting Cells / metabolism
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B-Lymphocytes / drug effects
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B-Lymphocytes / immunology
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Extracellular Fluid / metabolism
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Humans
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Immunity, Innate / drug effects
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Immunity, Innate / immunology
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Inflammation / etiology
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Inflammation / immunology
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Inflammation Mediators / metabolism
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Magnesium Compounds / immunology
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Magnesium Compounds / metabolism
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Magnesium Compounds / pharmacology
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Models, Immunological
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Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
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Oxidation-Reduction
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Phagocytes / drug effects
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Phagocytes / immunology
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Phagocytes / metabolism
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Phosphates / adverse effects
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Phosphates / immunology
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Phosphates / metabolism
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Phosphates / pharmacology
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Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
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T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
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T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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Vaccines / immunology
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Vaccines / metabolism
Substances
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Aluminum Compounds
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Inflammation Mediators
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Magnesium Compounds
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Phosphates
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Vaccines
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Aluminum Hydroxide
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Adenosine Triphosphate
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aluminum phosphate