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Review: cannabinoids control chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting but increase the risk of side effects

Data sources
Full publications of studies were identified by searching Medline (from 1966), EMBASE/Excerpta Medica (from 1982), and the Cochrane Library (2000, Issue 3) with the terms cannabinoids, cannabis, nabilone, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), THC, marihuana, marijuana, levonantradol, dronabinol, randomized, and human. Bibliographies of relevant studies were checked.

Study selection
Studies were selected if they were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the antiemetic efficacy of cannabis with any other antiemetic agent or placebo in patients having chemotherapy.

Data extraction
Data were extracted on study quality, patients, interventions and regimens, and outcomes.

Main results
30 RCTs (1366 patients) published between 1975 and 1997 met the selection criteria. The mean number of patients per study was 46 (range 8 to 139 patients). 16 studies examined oral nabilone, 13 examined oral dronabinol, and 1 examined intramuscular levonantradol. The active control groups were administered prochlorperazine (12 studies), metoclopramide (4 studies), chlorpromazine (2 studies), thiethylperazine (1 study), haloperidol (1 study), domperidone (2 study), and alizapride . . . [Full text of this article]

Barry M Kinzbrunner, MD

Vitas Healthcare Corporation, Miami, Florida, USA